Derrames de petroleo en suelos y adaptacion de pastos tropicales en el Activo Cinco Presidentes, Tabasco, Mexico | Oil spills on soils and adaptation of tropical grass in Activo Cinco Presidentes, Tabasco, Mexico
2005
Zavala-Cruz, J. | Gavi-Reyes, F. | Adams-Schroeder, R.H. | Ferrera-Cerrato, R. | Palma-Lopez, D.J. | Vaquera-Huerta, H. | Dominquez-Ezquivel, J.M.
Activo Cinco Presidentes has the highest number of oil spills on soil, causing damage to grassland and natural vegetation, in the state of Tabasco, Mexico. This makes a study of the effect of oil on the soil and the search for alternative technologies for its recovery necessary. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effect of oil spills on the properties of five soil units, and dry biomass production of three tropical grasses in soils contaminated by these spills. From the spills, detected in different soil units, unaltered soil samples (USS) were collected with 20 cm diameter and 30 cm long PVC tubes, in each one of the four zones visually detected in function of their color: center, edge, spotted, and without spots. Under a shade awning, stems of the species Brachiaria humidicola [(Rendle) Sch.] were transplanted and grown in USS of Anthrosols and Acrisols, Echinochloa polystachya [(H.B.K.) Hitchcok] in USS of Gleysols1, Brachiaria mutica [(Forksskal) Stapf] in USS of Gleysols2 and Histosols. The practice was done under a completely random design with four replications. The HTP increased organic matter content in Anthrosols, Acrisols and Gleysols1, Na in Gleysols, and acidity in Acrisols and Gleysols1. Oil negatively affected the grasses in the establishing phase and positively once the plant was better developed. All the grasses, properly nurtured with P and Ca, can contribute to the phytoremediation of the contaminated soils, humidicola grass being the most promising in Anthrosols.
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