Nitrogen nutrition on leaf chlorophyll, canopy reflectance, grain protein and grain yield of wheat varieties with contrasting grain protein concentration
2010
Saleem, M.F. | Ma, B.L. | Voldeng, H. | Wang, Tong-Chao
Wheat cultivars ('AC Barrie', 'Brook Field', 'Hoffman', and 'Norwell') with different protein concentrations were compared under four nitrogen (N) levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1) in an environment-controlled greenhouse, and the same experiment with an additional N level (200 kg N ha-1) was repeated in the field in 2007. In the greenhouse experiment, application of 100 kg N ha-1 resulted in significantly greater grain yield due mainly to higher number of grains per spike and heavier mean grain weight; in the field study, the 150 kg N ha-1 treatment produced the greatest yield (P<0.01) primarily due to more number of grains per spike. Crude grain protein percentage was increased significantly with each increment of N up to the highest level; however, protein yield (kg ha-1) increased significantly with fertilizer up to 150 kg N ha-1. Leaf chlorophyll contents were increased linearly with increment of N levels up to 150 kg ha-1 both in the greenhouse and field trials while leaf area indices continued to increase up to the highest application rate (200 kg N ha-1). Canopy reflectance, expressed as normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), attained maximum value with 150 kg N ha-1 in the field experiment. Among the varieties tested, “Hoffman” out-yielded other three varieties due to heavier grain weight. Although highest grain and/or plant crude protein content were recorded in 'AC Barrie', it was the variety 'Hoffman' that produced the highest total protein (kg ha-1) with largest NDVI and leaf area index (LAI) values.
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