A preliminary study on the induction of tetraploidy in garlic with trifluralin
2012
Cheng, Zhihui | Zhou, Xiang Jun | Su, Li
Since garlic is asexually propagated through the production of garlic bulbs and the lack of effective breeding means for producing sexual crosses, the variety of garlic is seriously aged and degenerated. It is necessary to use an alternative breeding method such as chemical induction to improve the variety of garlic. Trifluralin, a herbicide, has been reported to induce doubling of chromosomes. However, it has not been found that trifluralin can be used to double chromosome on garlic. Various concentrations of trifluralin and different treatment durations were tested in this investigation. The clove base with stem of garlic 'Gailiang' was used as the explant to induce callus on MS medium with 3 concentrations of trifluralin added to induce chromosome number variation in vitro. By observing and counting chromosome numbers in the root apical cells and the guard cells on the leaf epidermis, it showed that trifluralin induced garlic chromosome number variation. The mutation and survival rate declined as the concentration and duration of trifluralin treatments increased. Garlic callus cultured on medium containing 100 μmol L-1 trifluralin for 15 days demonstrated high rates of tetraploidy. 6-BA at 3.0 mg/L and IAA at 0.1 mg/L was the most effective growth regulator combination for differentiation of garlic.
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