Microbial Biosynthesis of Polyglutamic Acid Biopolymer and Applications in the Biopharmaceutical, Biomedical and Food Industries
2007
Buescher, Joerg M. | Margaritis, Argyrios
This review article provides an updated critical literature review on the production and applications of Polyglutamic Acid (PGA). α-PGA is synthesized chemically, whereas γ-PGA can be produced by a number of microbial species, most prominently various Bacilli. Great insight into the microbial formation of γ-PGA has been gained thanks to the development of molecular biological techniques. Moreover, there is a great variety of applications for both isoforms of PGA, many of which have not been discovered until recently. These applications include: wastewater treatment, food products, drug delivery, medical adhesives, vaccines, PGA nanoparticles for on-site drug release in cancer chemotherapy, and tissue engineering.
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