The impact of onion-garlic mixture to control of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus in Saudi Arabia

Natural pesticide has been used to fight infestations by red palm weevils is the central cause of the devastation of date palms. This study focuses on controlling Rhynchophorus ferrugineus inhabiting date palms via using natural pesticide created by mixing of onion and garlic extracts without adverse effects damaging palm trees in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, the laboratory analysis in this study evaluated the efficacy and restorative use of onion-garlic mixture for the protection of date palm trees in Saudi Arabia.This research project aims at examining the value of an onion-garlic mix derived from, onion and garlic plants. The mixture was assessed by the factors of performance bioassays, larval mortality, fecundity/sterility, total larval and pupal duration cycle as well as expression of detoxification genes.The results indicate that concentration-mortality were defined in vitro for an onion-garlic mixture utilized throughout 24-hour interval in relation to newly prepared eighth-instar larvae and pupae. Three concentrations a mixture based on onion and garlic (especially 30, 40 and 50 µg/ml) tended to demonstrate enormous toxicity rates in relation to red palm weevil larvae and its pupa. With processing of larval stage, LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values for a mixture based on onion and garlic were 37 and 52 µg/ml, respectively after 24 h of onion-garlic mixture application. Additionally, the pupal phase was assessed with the onion-garlic mixture and the values of LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ were recorded as 44 and 56 µg/ml, respectively. Female fecundity of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus was essentially decreased, while sterility rate was elevated through use of a mixture in relation to middle aged eighth-instar larvae and pupal phases. The results also extended the time of the larval phase. The mixture’s bioactive effect was observed by selectively decreasing gene expressions of Esterase, Glutathione S transferase (GST) and Cytochrome P450.The findings have been optimistic enough to show that the mixture based on onion and garlic extracts is quite efficient against Rhynchophorus ferrugineus and can be a helpful and safer option against infestations instead of toxic chemical pesticides.