COPING WITH MULTIPLE ENEMIES: 10 YEARS OF ATTACK ON LOMATIUM DISSECTUM PLANTS
1998
Thompson, John N.
Most natural plant populations are attacked by a suite of enemy species, but there are differing views on how commonly individuals within populations must confront multiple enemies. I evaluated during 10 years the number of insect and pathogen taxa attacking leaves and flowers on tagged individuals of Lomatium dissectum (Apiaceae), a long‐lived herbaceous perennial. In addition, I determined the minimum number of established plants killed by pocket gophers. At least 43% of the deaths were attributable directly to feeding on roots by gophers. On average 68% of plants were attacked each year by at least one insect or pathogen species, and plants harbored each year a mean of 1.6 insect/pathogen species. By year 10 all surviving plants had been attacked by at least two enemies. Yearly attack by a small number of enemy species is a pervasive part of the life history of individual plants within this population.
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