Agronomic Performance and End-Use Quality of 1B vs. 1BL/1RS Genotypes Derived from Winter Wheat ‘Rawhide’

The winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar Rawhide is heterogenous for the 1BL/1RS translocation. The 1BL/1RS translocation has been proven to increase grain yield and decrease end-use quality in bread wheat. The objective of this research was to investigate if the excellent yield performance of Rawhide was due to higher yielding 1BL/1RS lines compensating for lower yielding 1B lines and if the acceptable quality of Rawhide was produced by higher end-use quality 1B lines compensating for lower end-use quality 1BL/1RS lines. To do so, 19 homogeneous 1B genotypes and 18 homogeneous 1BL/1RS genotypes were selected from Rawhide. These genotypes, three composites (Composite 1B, Composite 1BL/1RS, and Composite Total), Raw-hide, and three check cultivars, were evaluated in four Nebraska environments for grain yield, yield components, and end-use quality traits. No significant differences were found between chromosome classes for grain yield. The 1BL/1RS genotypes had a higher kernel weight (4%) than IB genotypes; however, the 1B genotypes had a greater number of spikes per square meter (5%). Composites were no different from Rawhide and from each other for grain yield and yield components. For end-use quality traits, the 1BL/1RS genotypes had a higher protein content (137 mg g⁻¹)> similar mixing time (4.8 min), and lower mixing tolerance (3.5) than 1B genotypes (132 mg g⁻¹, 5.0 min, and 4.9, respectively). However, a mixing tolerance value of 3.5 is acceptable. In general, no differences were found among the composites and between the composites and Rawhide for quality traits. Hence, the 1BL/1RS translocation was not beneficial for yield nor was it detrimental for end-use quality in this genetic background. Reported research is from a dissertation submitted by the senior author in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Ph.D. Submitted as Journal Article no. 11051, Journal Series, Nebraska Agric. Res. Div.