Warm, Lofty Cotton Fabrics—Some Exploratory Studies
1963
Krasny, John F. | Getchell, Nelson F. | Tovey, Henry
The present paper is a progress report on work aimed at the development of warm, lofty cotton fabrics. This work has two major technical objectives: the development of new methods of producing loft in cotton fabrics and the development of treatments for setting cotton fabrics in the lofty configuration. Yarns spun on the woolen system had slightly more loft but much less strength than yarns spun on the cotton system. Loft was introduced into yarns by tensionless mercerization; this effect was increased by using blends of fibers differing in shrinkage characteristics. Other yarn lofting methods found effective were ultrasonic vibration and formation of gas bubbles inside yarns. Fabric lofting methods investigated included napping, needling, tumbling, compacting, and ultrasonic vibration. Needling of certain fabrics increased the loft and permitted a much wider variation in appearance than napping. Obtaining loft by needling batts to the surface of fabrics or by joining two fabrics by needling a batt between them gave particularly promising results. The loft of cotton blankets, rugs, and experimental lofted fabrics was set with chemical systems ordinarily used to obtain wash-and-wear effects. When the resin was applied by padding, the fabrics had to be lofted after padding and before curing to overcome the flattening effect of squeezing.
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