Upgrading Microalgal Biocrude Using NiMo/Al-SBA-15 as a Catalyst
2020
Subagyono, R. R. Dirgarini J. N. | Marshall, Marc | Jackson, W Roy | Auxilio, Anthony R. | Fei, Yi | Chaffee, Alan L.
Biocrude from Chlorococcum sp. algae was hydrotreated in batch autoclaves in the presence and absence of Al-SBA-15 supports and NiMo/Al-SBA-15 catalysts with different Si/Al ratios and hence different acidities. Reaction time (0–15 min), temperature (425–500 °C), and H₂ pressure (3–9 MPa cold) were varied. The nitrogen content of the biocrude was approximately halved in all of the reactions, regardless of temperature, H₂ pressure, or the presence of the support/catalyst. Product aromaticity increased with reaction temperature. The presence of the supports, especially those of lower acidity, decreased product yields (CH₂Cl₂ solubles and hydrocarbon gases) due to severe coking. Incorporation of NiMo introduced a pressure dependence of the product yield. For 425 °C reactions, NiMo could more than make up for the coking effect of the support, increasing the product yield to up to 65 wt % (6–9 MPa H₂ (cold)) and the proportion of liquid products in the kerosene-boiling-point range (C₁₂–C₁₇). Higher-acidity supports gave higher product yields, and their superiority was maintained when NiMo was incorporated.
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