Apple ermine moth, Yponomeuta mallinellus Zeller: two components of female sex pheromone gland highly effective in field trapping tests
1990
McDonough, L.M. | Davis, H.G. | Smithhisler, C.L. | Voerman, S. | Chapman, P.S.
When electroantennographic responses of male Yponomeuta malinellus Zeller to model compounds were determined at dosages of 0.3-30 ng, the strongest responses were obtained from (Z)-9-dodecen-1-ol acetate (Z9-12:Ac). Also, strong responses were obtained from (Z)-11-tetradecenal (Z11-14:Al) and (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol (Z11-14:OH). At a dosage of 0.3 ng, Z11-14:Al produced a stronger response than Z11-14:OH, while at a dosage of 30 ng, Z11-14:OH and Z11-14:Al produced equal responses. Gas chromatographic and mass spectral analysis of extracts of female sex pheromone glands showed the presence of Z9-12:Ac, tetradecan-1-ol (14:OH), (E)-11-tetradecen-1-ol (E11-14:OH), Z11-14:OH, hexadecan-1-ol, and hexadecan-1-ol acetate in a ratio of 0.6:200:37:100:140:35. In field tests, Z9-12:Ac and Z11-14:OH together were required for trap catch, and addition of Z11-14:Al, E11-14:OH, 14:OH, or (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol acetate did not increase catch. Ratios in rubber septa of 0.5:99.5 to 1.5:98.5 (Z9-12:Ac/Z11-14:OH) captured the most males and captures were statistically equivalent for dosages of 10-1000 microgram/rubber septum. Traps baited with the synthetic lure produced better catches than those baited with females.
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