Growing 3D-nanostructured carbon allotropes from CO2 at room temperature under the dynamic CO2 electrochemical reduction environment
2022
Nganglumpoon, Rungkiat | Watmanee, Suthasinee | Teerawatananond, Thapong | Pinthong, Piriya | Poolboon, Krongkwan | Hongrutai, Nattaphon | Tungasmita, Duangamol N. | Tungasmita, Sukkaneste | Boonyongmaneerat, Yuttanant | Jantaping, Narin | Wannapaiboon, Suttipong | Praserthdam, Piyasan | Morikawa, Yoshitada | Goodwin, James G. | Panpranot, Joongjai
Synthesis of nanostructured carbon allotropes using CO₂ as a cheap carbon source is challenging and usually limited by high temperature activation. Herein, formation of 3D nanostructured carbon allotropes including nano-graphene and single crystalline nanodiamond films is feasible at room temperature on various single crystal metals (e.g., Bi, Ag, Zn, and Co) that were formed under the dynamic CO₂ electrochemical reduction reaction environment at relatively low applied potential (−1.1 to −1.6 V vs. Ag/AgCl). The nanocrystalline carbon was obtained as the major products from CO₂ (≥96% selectivity, ∼1 μm thickness) without any liquid products. Upon applying the negative potential, nanoclustering of the self-limiting ultrathin metal oxide layers of metal particles on the highly conductive substrate could lead to formation of negatively charged metal clusters, which were well stabilized by the ternary electrolyte system containing [BMIm]⁺[BF₄]⁻/propylene carbonate/water. This system allows the reduction of CO₂ into single atoms C∗ and the subsequently electrocrystallization of C∗ into carbon allotropes on the crystallographic planes of the single crystal metals formed as the building blocks. The CO₂-derived Ag–C/epoxy composites show promising thermal conductivity. The results present a breakthrough advancement in the growth of nanostructured carbon allotropes from CO₂ by the viable negative CO₂ emission approach.
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