Persistence and Fate of Anthracene and Benzo(a)pyrene in Municipal Sludge Treated Soil
1995
Goodin, J. D. | Webber, M. D.
Greenhouse studies using pots and microcosms were conducted to investigate the persistence and fate of nonlabeled and ¹⁴C-labeled anthracene (ANT) and benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) in sludge treated soil. Results indicated that ANT degraded rapidly (t₁/₂ ≈ 3 wk) from the experimental systems, but that B(a)P was persistent. Cropping did not affect the persistence of either compound. On completion of the experiments (≤21 wk), ≤ 10% of the ANT added to soil was recovered intact, whereas 78% of the B(a)P added to soil was recovered intact. Most (≥ 85%) of the ¹⁴C added to soil as labeled ANT and B(a)P was accounted for. Recoveries of ¹⁴CO₂ indicated significant mineralization of ANT, but not of B(a)P. Trivial amounts (≤0.2%) of were recovered as volatile organics and in plant materials, but large amounts were recovered from soil. A considerable proportion of the ANT derived ¹⁴C in soil was not extracted with acetone/hexane, which indicated that it had been converted to bound residue. A much smaller proportion of B(a)P than of ANT derived ¹⁴C in soil was converted to bound residue. No evidence was obtained for uptake of intact ANT or B(a)P by ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], and cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.).
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