Herbicide Applications on Wheat and Stubble for No-Tillage Corn
1986
Wicks, G. A.
No-tillage corn (Zea mays L.) production following winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is increasing in the central Great Plains. Timely weed control is essential to reduce weed seed production and loss of soil water. This research dealt with the effects of applying herbicides to wheat grown on a fine-silty, mixed, mesic Typic Argiustolls soil, in North Platte, NE, and herbicide applications 5,20, 35, 50, and 260 days after wheat harvest. Applying metribuzin [4-amino-6-(1,1)-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio~l,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one] to wheat reduced post-harvest weed biomass 24 to 81%. When herbicide application was delayed until 50 days after wheat harvest, as compared to 5,20, or 35 days, barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.] populations before and after corn planting were the highest. The addition of glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine], paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium ion), or terbutryn [N-(1,ldimethylethyl)- N'-6-(methylthio)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine] + 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] to atrazine [6-chloro-N'-ethyl-N'-(l-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine] sometimes improved corn yields, when applied after wheat harvest, compared with plots treated with atrazine alone. Optimum corn grain yields were obtained when plots treated with atrazine + paraquat at 5, 20, and 35 days after wheat harvest were sprayed with cyanazine {2-[[4-chloro-6- (ethylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]-2-methylpropanenitrile} preemergence or handweeded once after the corn was planted. Delaying post-wheat harvest herbicide application for 260 days reduced corn yields 20%.
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