Management of attacks on fruit fly cucurbit crops using natural pesticides in Senegal | Gestion des Attaques de la Mouche des Fruits sur les Cultures de Cucurbitacées au Moyen de Pesticides Naturels au Sénégal
2014
Badji, H. | Coly, E.V.
The cultivation of cucurbits (. example, watermelons, melons, cucumbers, etc.) is an important source of income for the Senegalese market gardeners. These fruits are highly popular in domestic, regional and international markets. However, cucurbits are susceptible to attack by fruit flies (Tephritidae) that damage the product and determine significant economic losses. A study to estimate the extent of the damage caused and was conducted in 1994-95 in two selected sites District Niayes in Dakar on 7 cucurbits: watermelon, cucumber, pumpkin, zucchini, loofah or sponge gourd and bitter gourd (Badji , 1998). This study showed yield losses of 50 percent or more, following the attacks of the fruit fly. In order to effectively address the problem of fruit flies, we compared the effects of natural and synthetic insecticides on crops melon to test the effectiveness of three natural products on these pests. The products used were Azadirachta indica A. Juss.; Procur, a mixture of species and plant extracts and powder Pachyrrhizus erosus (L.) Urban. The effect of these products on the fly was then compared to that of two synthetic pesticides deltamethrin (25 g ai / L) and Esfenvalerate (50 g ai / L). Azadirachta indica (15 and 30 g ai / L), Pachyrrhizus erosus (90 g ai / L) and Procur (50 cc/200 L) were found to be as effective as synthetic products. Protect crops against attack Tephritidae using natural products could be an alternative to the use of chemicals seen the danger of these to humans and the environment.
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