Effect of ionic strength and mixing ratio on complex coacervation of soy protein isolate/Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide
2023
Zhang, Junmiao | Du, Hengjun | Ma, Ning | Zhong, Lei | Ma, Gaoxing | Pei, Fei | Chen, Hui | Hu, Qiuhui
Soy protein isolate (SPI) is a commercial protein with balanced amino acids, while the poor solubility impedes its use in traditional foods. To overcome the problem, the complex coacervation of SPI/Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide (FVP) were investigated. Initial results revealed that the suitable amounts of FVP contributed to reducing the turbidity of SPI solution. Under electrostatic interaction, the formation of SPI/FVP coacervates were spontaneous and went through a nucleation and growth process. Low salt concentration (CNₐCₗ = 10, 50 mmol/L) led to an increase in the critical pH values (pHc, pHᵩ₁) while the critical pH values decreased when CNₐCₗ ≥ 100 mmol/L. The concentration of NaCl ions increased the content of α-helix. With the increase of FVP, the critical pH values decreased and the content of β-sheet increased through electrostatic interaction. At SPI/FVP ratio of 10:1 and 15:1, the complex coacervation of SPI/FVP were saturated, and the coacervates had the same storage modulus value. SPI/FVP coacervates exhibited solid-like properties and presented the strongest storage modulus at CNₐCₗ = 50 mmol/L. The optimal pH, SPI/FVP ratio and NaCl concentration of complex coacervation were collected, and the coacervates demonstrated a valuable application potential to protect and deliver bioactives and food ingredients.
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