Sialic acid (N-acetyl and N-glycolylneuraminic acid) and ganglioside in whey protein concentrates and infant formulae
2011
Lacomba, Ramón | Salcedo, Jaime | Alegría, Amparo | Barberá, Reyes | Hueso, Pablo | Matencio, Esther | Lagarda, M Jesús
Sialic acid and gangliosides content and profiles were analyzed in infant formulae, whey protein concentrates and human milk. In infant formulae, N-acetylneuraminic (Neu5Ac) and N-glycolylneuraminic (Neu5Gc) acid ranged from 147.6–199.7 to 3.3–8.3 mg L⁻¹, in whey protein concentrate from 1.6–2.4 g 100 g⁻¹ to 2.8–20.2 mg 100 g⁻¹ and in human milk from 299.9 to 2.1 mg L⁻¹. Gangliosides ranged from 0.25 to 2.29 mg lipid-bound sialic acid L⁻¹ in reconstituted infant formula, the main gangliosides being GD₃ (73.3–55.5%), GM₃ (3.5–36.6%) and GT₃ (1.4–14.1%) and O-acetyl-GD₃ (5.3–18.9%). In whey protein concentrates, 0.7–55.6 mg lipid-bound sialic acid 100 g⁻¹ were found with the profile 82.1–86.9% GD₃ and 1.8–2.5% GM₃. Human milk gave 2 mg lipid-bound sialic acid L⁻¹, with the profile 97.4% GM₃ and 2.5% GD₃. Intakes of sialic acid and gangliosides are lower with infant formulae versus human milk, especially during the first stages of life.
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