Chemical composition of PM₂.₅ particles in Salamanca, Guanajuato Mexico: Source apportionment with receptor models
2012
Herrera Murillo, Jorge | Campos Ramos, Arturo | Ángeles García, Felipe | Blanco Jiménez, Salvador | Cárdenas, Beatriz | Mizohata, Akira
The National Institute of Ecology, through Management General for Environmental Research and Training (DGCENICA) carried out a sampling campaign where a total of 21 elements were determined in 140PM₂.₅ samples from one sampling site located in the city of Salamanca, Guanajuato-Mexico between November 2006 and November 2007. The annual average PM₂.₅ concentration was 45μg/m³ almost three times the Mexican Annual standard for PM₂.₅. Mineral, organic and elemental carbon were the most important components present in particles PM₂.₅. Two advanced receptor models, UNMIX and positive matrix factorization (PMF) were used for PM₂.₅ source identification. Four and six sources were identified by UNMIX and PMF, respectively, from a combined dataset including 15 chemical species. Source categories were determined based on both, component abundances in the source profiles, and their temporal characteristics. Overall, different sources were identified as the major contributors: heavy fuels combustion, traditional brick production-agricultural burning, crustal, road traffic and secondary organic aerosols.
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