Microbial fuel cell assisted nitrate nitrogen removal using cow manure and soil
2016
Vijay, Ankisha | Vaishnava, Monika | Chhabra, Meenu
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are emerging wastewater treatment systems with a proven potential for denitrification. In this study, we have developed a high-rate denitrifying MFC. The anode consisted of cow manure and fruit waste and the cathode consisted of cow manure and soil. The initial chemical oxygen demand (COD)/nitrate nitrogen (NO₃ ⁻-N) was varied from 2 to 40 at the cathode while keeping the anode ratio fixed at 100. NO₃ ⁻-N removal rate of 7.1 ± 0.9 kg NO₃ ⁻-N/m³ net cathodic compartment (NCC)/day was achieved at cathode COD/NO₃ ⁻-N ratio 7.31 with the current density of 190 ± 9.1 mA/m² and power density of 31.92 ± 4 mW/m² of electrode surface area. We achieved an open-circuit voltage (OCV) of 410 ± 20 mV at initial cathodic NO₃ ⁻-N of 0.345 g/l. The cathode COD/NO₃ ⁻-N ratio had a significant influence on MFC’s OCV and nitrate removal rate. Lower OCV (<150 mV) and NO₃ ⁻-N removal rates were observed at COD/NO₃ ⁻-N ratio >12 and <7. Experiments done at different cathode pH values indicated that the optimum pH for denitrification was 7. Under optimized biochemical conditions, nitrate removal rate of 6.5 kg NO₃ ⁻-N/m³ net cathodic compartment (NCC)/day and power density of 210 mW/m² were achieved in a low resistance MFC. The present study thus demonstrates the utility of MFCs for the treatment of high nitrate wastes.
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