Influence of Tillage on Corn and Soybean Yield in the United States and Canada
2006
DeFelice, Michael S. | Carter, Paul R. | Mitchell, Steven B.
An extensive literature review was conducted of corn and soybean research that compared yields of no-tillage to conventional fall tillage systems. The objective was to test the hypothesis that no-till has a different effect on corn and soybean yields in different regions of the United States and Canada. The trial results were mapped to look for geographic and environmental patterns in the relative performance of no-tillage to conventional tillage on corn and soybean yield. The national average difference in corn and soybean yield between no-tillage and conventional tillage was negligible. A map of the tillage yield comparisons was created for the U.S. and Canada. No-till tended to have greater yields than conventional tillage in the south and west regions. The two tillage systems had similar yields in the central U.S., and no-till typically produced lower yields than conventional tillage in the northern U.S. and Canada. No-tillage had greater corn and soybean yields than conventional tillage on moderate- to well-drained soils, but slightly lower yields than conventional tillage on poorly drained soils. Corn and soybean yields tended to benefit more from crop rotation in no-till as compared to continuous cropping. Future tillage research should focus on optimizing successful high residue no-tillage or strip-tillage production systems instead of making comparisons to conventional tillage systems.
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