Ecological and Socioeconomic Factors That Affect Rice Production in Saline Soils, Borabue, Mahasarakham, Thailand: Implications for Farm Management Practices
2015
Saisema, Jitarree | Pagdee, Adcharaporn
Factors affecting rice production in saline soil regimes and farmer adaptations were studied in northeast Thailand during 2012. Measurements included composite soil sampling, combined with a household survey on rice production and socioeconomic conditions. Soil salinity reduced rice productivity, despite the application of organic matter and fertilizers. Average rice yields were estimated at 1.56 tons/ha, but varied according to size of the saline paddies. Farmers with a high percentage of saline paddies incurred more costs, especially on farm maintenance. Income did not show significant relationships with farming activities, but it limited the number of options for fertilizer application. Although sufficient amounts of water can reduce soil salinity, irrigation creates some tension over local water supplies, thus an issue of social equity. Rice farmers in northeast Thailand feel compelled to practice the agricultural traditions of previous generations in light of diminished crop yields. Although farming is a source of identity for older people, it is not followed among many youth who perceive greater wealth opportunities from city jobs, leaving the future of family rice farming in jeopardy. Biophysical environments determine farming practices in saline soil regimes, as well as socioeconomic factors—an interdependent model called environmental–socioeconomic determination.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]