Integrative technology hubs for urban food-energy-water nexuses and cost-benefit-risk tradeoffs (II): Design strategies for urban sustainability
2021
Chang, Ni-Bin | Hossain, Uzzal | Valencia, Andrea | Qiu, Jiangxiao | Zheng, Qipeng P. | Kulich, Steve J. | Chen, Mengnan | Lu, Jia-Wei | Pires, Ana | Kaandorp, Chelsea | Abraham, Edo | ten Veldhuis, Marie-Claire | Giesen, Nick van de | Molle, Bruno | Tomas, Severine | Ait-Mouheb, Nassim | Dotta, Deborah | Declercq, Rémi | Perrin, Martin | Conradi, Léon | Molle, Geoffrey
The Food-Energy-Water (FEW) nexus for urban sustainability needs to be analyzed via an integrative rather than a sectoral or silo approach, reflecting the ongoing transition from separate infrastructure systems to an integrated social-ecological-infrastructure system. As technology hubs can provide food, energy, water resources via decentralized and/or centralized facilities, there is an acute need to optimize FEW infrastructures by considering cost-benefit-risk tradeoffs with respect to multiple sustainability indicators. This paper identifies, categorizes, and analyzes global trends with respect to contemporary FEW technology metrics that highlights the possible optimal integration of a broad spectrum of technology hubs for possible cost-benefit-risk tradeoffs. The challenges related to multiscale and multiagent modeling processes for the simulation of urban FEW systems were discussed with respect to the aspects of scaling-up, optimization process, and risk assessment. Our review reveals that this field is growing at a rapid pace and the previous selection of analytical methodologies, nexus criteria, and sustainability indicators largely depended on individual FEW nexus conditions disparately, and full-scale cost-benefit-risk tradeoffs were very rare. Therefore, the potential full-scale technology integration in three ongoing cases of urban FEW systems in Miami (the United States), Marseille (France), and Amsterdam (the Netherlands) were demonstrated in due purpose finally.
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