Microporous Humins Prepared from Sugars and Bio-Based Polymers in Concentrated Sulfuric Acid
2018
Björnerbäck, Fredrik | Hedin, Niklas
Highly microporous humins were synthesized from readily available sugars and bio-based polymers (monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides) in sulfuric acid followed by a diethyl ether wash and heat treatment at 400 °C. The relative sustainability, costs of production, and availability of the starting materials were improved significantly as compared with the 5-hydroxymethyl-furfural-based microporous humins recently studied by us. A multipronged approach was used to study the detailed characteristics of the adsorbents. Results from ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, FTIR, WAXS, and elemental analysis were combined and showed that the adsorbents predominantly consisted of amorphous and aromatic carbon structures being rich in oxygen. They were highly porous, and the micropore volumes varied among the compositions as could be observed by analyzing CO₂ and N₂ gas adsorption data. Comparably high CO₂ uptakes of 4.25 and 1.94 mmol/g at 0 °C and 1 and 0.15 bar were observed. With the synthesis of microporous humins with varying porosities, the domain of potential applications of this class of materials could be expanded.
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