The Sp1 Locus in Soybean Codes for β-amylase
1980
Hildebrand, D. F. | Hymowitz, T.
One hundred F₂ soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] seeds from the cross PI 87525 ✕ ‘Ebony’ and 116 cultivars from Maturity Groups 00 through IV were analyzed using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and amylase assays to determine whether Sp₁ᵃ and Sp₁ᵇ seed protein bands were the same as the slow and fast amylase variant bands. In the PI 87525 ✕ Ebony cross, the slow and fast amylase variant bands had precisely the same segregation ratios and the same electrophoretic mobilities as the Sp₁ᵃ and Sp₁ᵇ protein bands. For 114 out of 116 cultivars tested, exact correspondence was obtained for Sp₁ᵃ and slow amylase bands, and Sp₁ᵇ and fast amylase bands. ‘Chestnut’ lacked an amylase band, however, the Sp₁ᵃ seed protein band was present. ‘Altona’ was a mixture of genotypes that lacked or had the amylase band. The Altona genotype that had the fast amylase band also had the Sp₁ᵇ band. The Altona genotype that lacked an amylase band also lacked a Sp₁ seed protein band. From the data obtained, we believe that the slow and fast amylase bands are the Sp₁ᵃ and Sp₁ᵇ seed protein bands. The use of selective α and β-amylase inhibition and studies of the hydrolysis of amylopectin by the amylase variant support the hypothesis that the Sp₁ locus in soybeans codes for β-amylase.
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