Management of white mold in processing tomatoes by Trichoderma spp. and chemical fungicides applied by drip irrigation
2014
de Aguiar, Renata Alves | da Cunha, Marcos Gomes | Lobo Junior, Murillo
Field trials were carried out to evaluate six treatments combining biological agents and chemical fungicides applied via chemigation against white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) on processing tomatoes. The experiment was performed in Goiânia, Brazil, with tomato hybrid Heinz 7155 in 2009 and 2010 in a field previously infested with S. sclerotiorum sclerotia. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design in a 2×3 factorial structure (with and without Trichoderma spp. 1.0 ×109 viable conidia mL−1 ha−1) ×fluazinam (1.0Lha−1), procimidone (1.5Lha−1) and control, applied by drip irrigation. Treatments were applied three times 10days apart, starting one month after transplanting. Each treatment consisted of plots with three 72-meter rows with four plants m−1 and 1.5m spacing between rows, with three replications. Based on disease incidence evaluated weekly, the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was obtained. Yield and its components were evaluated in addition to fruit pH and °Brix. Results were subjected to ANOVA, Scott-Knott (5%), and regression analysis. Biocontrol using Trichoderma spp. via chemigation singly or in combination with synthetic fungicides fluazinam and procimidone reduced AUDPC and increased fruit yield up to 25tha−1. The best treatment for controlling white mold also increased pulp yield around 1.0 and 7.0tha−1 in 2009 and 2010, respectively. The present work demonstrated the advantages of white mold biological control in processing tomato crops, where drip irrigation favored Trichoderma spp. delivery close to the plants and to the inoculum source.
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