Acute toxicity of carbon dioxide to juvenile marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone 1931)
2017
Furtado, Plínio S. | Gaona, Carlos A. P. | Serra, Fabiane P. | Poersch, Luis H. | Wasielesky, Wilson
Elevated concentrations of dissolved carbon dioxide (CO₂) and reduced pH levels are observed during the culture and transportation of aquatic organisms. Studies on the toxicity effects of CO₂ in penaeid shrimp are scarce when compared to the amount of research in fish. The objective of the present study was to determine the lethal concentration and safety levels of CO₂ for juvenile white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Juveniles (1.76 ± 0.36 g) were exposed for 96 h to one of six concentrations of dissolved CO₂ (14.5, 23.8, 59.0, 88.0, 115.0, and 175.0 mg/L) or a control condition (without the addition of CO₂), and their survival was monitored for 96 h. The LC₅₀ values with 95% confidence limits at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h were 130.05 (104.2–162.1), 77.2 (73.8–80.02), 69.65 (65.47–74.32), and 59.12 (53.08–66.07) mg/L of CO₂, respectively. The calculated safety level was 5.9 mg/L of CO₂, and the highest concentration that did not induce significantly higher mortality than that observed in controls (NOEC) was 23.8 mg/L of CO₂. We recommend that CO₂ levels should be kept below the safety level obtained in this study.
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