Inhibition of growth and development of Heliothis zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by a nonprotein imino acid, L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid
1989
Adeyeye, O.A. | Blum, M.S.
The growth and development of corn earworm, Heliothis zea (Boddie), larvae fed on artificial diets containing L-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (AZC) were markedly disrupted. This naturally occurring lower homolog of proline caused severe retardation of larval development, larval mortality resulting from exuvial ligature, death at larval-pupal ecdysis, formation of grossly deformed pupae, and nonsclerotization of the anterior ventral half of the pupal integument. The symptoms are dependent on the instar at which larvae were first reared on AZC, and on the concentration of AZC in the artifical diets. Late instars coped better with the toxic effects of this imino acid. The toxicity increased with temperature.
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