Phenolic compositions of Viburnum dilatatum Thunb. fruits and their antiradical properties
2005
Kim, My | Iwai, K. | Matsue, H.
The fruit of Viburnum dilatatum Thunb., called “gamazumi” in Japanese, has been shown to prevent oxidative injury in rats given gamazumi crude extract (GCE), a solid which was obtained from the squeezed juice. Crude protein and fat contents were very low in the squeezed juice, and GCE included 53.0 mg/g of total polyphenols. Therefore, five major phenolic compounds were isolated from GCE, which they were identified by NMR and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/MS. These chemical structures were as follows: cyanidin 3-sambubioside (Cy-3-sam), cyanidin 3-glucoside (Cy-3-glc), 5-O-caffeoyl-4-methoxyl quinic acid (4-MeO-5-CQA), quercetin and chlorogenic acid (5-CQA). These concentrations in the fruits were, in order, 5-CQA, 4-MeO-5-CQA, Cy-3-sam, quercetin and Cy-3-glc, and their total content was equal to 42.4% of total polyphenols. By the ESR method, the superoxide anion radical scavenging activity was in the following order: Cy-3-sam, 4-MeO-5-CQA, Cy-3-glc, 5-CQA, quercetin; and the activity on hydroxyl radicals was in the order of Cy-3-sam, 5-CQA, quercetin, 4-MeO-5-CQA, Cy-3-glc. Cy-3-sam had the most potent antiradical activity, since the activities of Cy-3-sam were similar or higher than those of ascorbic acid. Our results suggest that these phenolic compounds, especially Cy-3-sam and chlorogenic acids may contribute to the antiradical activity and physiological effects of V. dilatatum fruits.
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