Thymosin beta 4 ameliorates hyperglycemia and improves insulin resistance of KK Cg-Ay/J mouse
2012
Zhu, Jian | Su, Li Ping | Ye, Lei | Lee, Kok-Onn | Ma, Jian-Hua
OBJECT: To evaluate the efficacy of thymosin beta 4 (Tβ₄) on hyperglycemia and insulin sensitivity in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: KK mice were divided into the following groups: KK control group, with saline treatment; KK Tβ₄ group, with daily Tβ₄ 100ng/10g body weight intraperitoneal injection for 12 weeks. Non-diabetic C57BL mice were used as normal control. OGTT, plasma insulin, HbA1c, serum adiponectin, Tβ₄, cholesterol, and triglyceride were measured before and after Tβ₄ treatment. The phosphorylated AKT and total AKT protein levels of skeletal muscle from all groups were determined. RESULTS: After Tβ₄ treatment, repeat OGTT showed a significant decrease in glucose profiles in the KK Tβ₄ group compared with the KK control group. The KK-Tβ₄ group had reduced mean HbA1c and triglyceride levels, and increased adiponectin compared with KK control group. C57BL mice showed normal glucose homeostasis. The phosphorylated AKT levels of skeletal muscle were significantly increased in KK Tβ₄ group compared with KK control group after glucose stimulation. C57BL mice showed no changes in phosphorylated AKT levels after Tβ₄ treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Tβ₄ improved glucose intolerance and ameliorated insulin resistance in KK mouse. Tβ₄ may be a potential alternative insulin sensitizer for treatment of T2DM.
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