Deltamethrin-induced nuclear erythrocyte alteration and damage to the gills and liver of Colossoma macropomum
2018
Cunha, Fernanda dos Santos | Sousa, Natalino da Costa | Santos, Rudã Fernandes Brandão | Meneses, Juliana Oliveira | do Couto, Márcia Valéria Silva | de Almeida, Fabrício Tavares Cunha | de Sena Filho, José Guedes | Carneiro, Paulo César Falanghe | Maria, Alexandre Nizio | Fujimoto, Rodrigo Yudi
Deltamethrin is one of the most commonly used pyrethroids in the world, and it has a high toxic potential, mainly on aquatic organism. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate LC₅₀ values of deltamethrin on tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fingerlings and to investigate genotoxic effects and histopathological responses. Fish were exposed to different concentrations of deltamethrin (0, 6.16 × 10⁻³; 6.44 × 10⁻²; 1.34 × 10⁻¹, and 1.93 × 10⁻¹ mg L⁻¹) for 96 h. In addition, a genotoxicity analysis was carried out on peripheral blood erythrocytes and histopathological changes were classified by the severity degree of damage and organ functioning. The 96 h LC₅₀ value for tambaqui was estimated at 5.56 × 10⁻² mg L⁻¹ using a static test system. Nuclear abnormalities in exposed fish included micronuclei, blebbed, notched, 8-shaped, and binucleated nuclei forms. Deltamethrin significantly induced a notched nucleus compared to other abnormalities. A histopathological examination showed hepatic lesions and gill damage. Deltamethrin was found to be highly toxic; it induced genotoxicity and caused liver and gill inflammation in tambaqui.
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