Hybrids agromorphological assessment
2013
Rey, N.A. | Jordan, R. | Jordan, A. | Saccardo, F. | Pagnotta, M.A.
In the last years some advancements in Globe Artichoke breeding technologies are being reached by the development of hybrid seed derived from two parent cultivars. These F1 hybrids are usually created under controlled pollination, isolating plants either by distance or by tends. The divergence between the parental lines promotes improved growth and yield characteristics in the F1 offspring through the phenomenon of heterosis as well advantages like homogeneity, higher performances than traditional varieties, lower incidence of pathogens and insects, conversion into annual crop, etc. As part of the F1 hybrid program established between the University of Tuscia (Italy) and the Big Heart Seed Company (USA), more than 150 cross-combinations have been performed during 2010 growing season and the resulted progenies were characterized in field for agronomic traits in 2011. Ten of the best hybrids (uniform and good shape), derived from crosses between seven male sterile clones and five fertile homogeneous parents, were evaluated for agro-morphological traits (UPOV descriptors) of both parents and progenies. Selected hybrids are under evaluation to test their reproducibility and possibility of success in the global seed market before proceeding with their registration. The different market requests in terms of artichoke typologies and quality characteristics, which vary between the fresh market (green, purple, spiny, ovate, round heads) and the processing industry market characterized for green ovate typologies allow the production/registration of a wide range of hybrids covering the different market requests.
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