Efficient photocatalytic degradation of nitrobenzene by copper-doped TiO2: kinetic study, degradation pathway, and mechanism
2022
Ak̲h̲tar, Tahmīnah | Nasir, Habib | Sitara, Effat | Bukhari, Syeda Aqsa Batool | Ullah, Sharif | Iqbal, Rana Muhammad Arslan
Cu-doped TiO₂ (0.1, 0.25, and 0.5% Cu-TiO₂) photocatalyst was prepared by sol–gel method and was characterized by powder XRD, FTIR, TEM, SEM, EDX, UV–vis diffuse reflectance (DRS), photoluminescence (PL), and Raman spectroscopy. The XRD spectrum shows tetragonal anatase phase. TEM analysis indicate that the nanoparticles were spherical with sizes 12–13 nm. The degradation of NB was studied, and an optimal degradation time of 180 min led to 98.6% NB abatement of NB = 0.05 mM, pH = 4, and catalyst loading = 50 mg/100 mL, under visible light. The degradation of NB follows the pseudo-first-order kinetics. The reusability studies indicated the excellent stability of 0.25% Cu-TiO₂.
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