Influence of market type and time of purchase on bacterial counts and Salmonella and Listeria prevalence in chicken in Vietnam
2022
Englishbey, April K. | Sukumaran, Anuraj T. | Vu, P. T. T. | Thuc, Y. T. | Le, M. V. V. | Nguyen, D. H. | Broadway, P. R. | Guillen, L. M. | Brashears, M. M. | Donaldson, J. R. | Schilling, M. W. | Dahlgren, C. | Rude, B. J. | Crenshaw, M. A. | Dinh, T. T. N.
The Objective of the current study was to determine the influence of market type and sampling time on Salmonella and Listeria prevalence and bacterial population levels of 180 whole chicken carcasses collected in 6 supermarkets (SM), 6 indoor markets (IM), and 6 open markets (OM) at the opening (TO) and 4 h after the opening (T4) in Vietnam. Salmonella and Listeria prevalence were greater than 30.4 and 56.6%, respectively. Chicken carcasses had more than 10.1, 7.5, and 9.4 log CFU/g of aerobic bacteria, Escherichia coli (E.coli), and coliforms, respectively. Sampling did not influence counts of aerobic bacteria, E.coli, and coliforms, nor did it affect Salmonella and Listeria prevalance (P=0.113). Both E.coli and coliform counts were greater in IM than in SM (P=0.002 and 0.006, respectively)> However, only E.coli counts differed between SM (7.7 log CFU/g) and OM (8.3 log CFU/g; P=0.024). Whole birds in IM had greater Salmonella prevalence than birds from both SM and OM by 28.4 and 23.0% (P=0.006 and 0.022, respectively). Listera prevalence was significantly less in SM, at 56.6%, than in IM and OM (78.6 and 73.2%, P=0.024 and 0.089, respectively). There was no market type by sampling time interaction for all microbiological measurements (P>0.118). Market characteristics such as display, refrigeration, hot water, and hygienic conditions varied greatly among vendors in SM, IM, and OM. These results highlighted high levels of bacterial loads and incidence in whole chicken in retail establishments in Vietnam, which poses potential food safety and public health risks.
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