Factors affecting sporulation and germination of Pandora nouryi (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraecae), a pathogen of Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae)
2006
Li, W. | Xu, W.A. | Sheng, C.F. | Wang, H.T. | Xuan, W.J.
Pandora nouryi discharged large numbers of primary conidia between 8 and 25 degrees C from cadavers on the surface of water-agar. At 8 degrees C conidial discharge lasted for 120 h, but most conidia were produced within 48 h when temperature was >15 degrees C. Saturated humidity alone was not enough to allow for sporulation to occur freely and where RH <95%, no conidia were discharged. Light did not affect the pattern of conidial production nor the total number of conidia. Germination percentages of conidia on the surface of water-agar were 40 and 66% at 8 and 30 degrees C, respectively, and were significantly lower than that at 15-25 degrees C where germination was >95%. Conidia on leaves germinated well when RH >74%, while no germination occurred when RH <100% on cover slips. All eight insecticides tested entirely inhibited conidial germination at recommended doses (R), in particular, both the organophosphorus pesticides Lorsben (chlorpyrifos) and the organochlorine pesticides Thiodan (endosulfan) completely inhibited conidial germination even at 0.2R dose.
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