Quantitation of Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Flavonoids in the Fruits, Fruit Stalks and Seeds of Hovenia dulcis
2023
Lee, S.I. | Kim, H.J. | Park, Y.K. | Ryu, S.H. | Yeon, S.W. | Turk, A. | Lee, H.H. | Hwang, B.Y. | Lee, M.K.
Hovenia dulcis is a native plant of South Korea. The fruits of H. dulcis have been traditionally used for the treatment of hepatic disorders and metabolic diseases. The fruits of H. dulcis comprise of fruit stalks and seeds. In this study, the constituents and biological activity of fruit stalks and seeds of H. dulcis were compared. The seed extract showed excellent antioxidant and anti-diabetic activity as measured by DPPH radical scavenging and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, respectively. In addition, the seeds contained high flavonoid content. However, the efficacy and flavonoid content of fruit stalks were quite low compared to seeds. Fractionation of seed extract using various chromatographic techniques resulted in the isolation of three compounds, which were identified as taxifolin (1), quercetin (2), and dihydrokaempferol (3). All three compounds showed antioxidant and anti-diabetic activity. Among them, compounds 1 and 2 were major compounds of seeds and proved to be contained as 8.3 and 1.3%, respectively, in the 50% EtOH seed extract. Therefore, the seeds of H. dulcis are suggested as a good source of antioxidant and anti-diabetic flavonoids.
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