Impact of herbivore symbionts on parasitoid foraging behaviour
2023
Frago, Enric | Zytynska, Sharon | Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Occitanie])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier ; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM) | Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad) | University of Liverpool | SEZ was supported by a BBSRC (UKRI) David Phillips Fellowship BB/S010556/1 and a NERC (UKRI) research grant NE/X011763/1. EF is currently funded by the AAPG2022 of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) via the ENEMYCOCKTAIL project and by CIRAD. | ANR-22-CE32-0009,ENEMYCOCKTAIL,Des cocktails d'ennemis naturels pour une meilleure lutte biologique(2022)
International audience
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]英语. Highlights: • Symbionts can undermine parasitoid foraging, or attract parasitoids and betray their hosts. • Herbivore symbionts alter parasitoid foraging through changes in plant and host cues. • Habitat diversity alters parasitoid foraging with consequences for symbionts. • Patch quality for parasitoids depends on the presence of symbionts and antagonists.Abstract:Parasitoids are insects that lay eggs in other insects, but before this, they have the remarkable task of locating and successfully attacking a suitable individual. Once an egg is laid, many herbivorous hosts carry defensive symbionts that prevent parasitoid development. Some symbioses can act ahead of these defences by reducing parasitoid foraging efficiency, while others may betray their hosts by producing chemical cues that attract parasitoids. In this review, we provide examples of symbionts altering the different steps that adult parasitoids need to take to achieve egg laying. We also discuss how interactions between habitat complexity, plants and herbivores modulate the way symbionts affect parasitoid foraging, and parasitoid evaluation of patch quality based on risk cues derived from parasitoid antagonists such as competing parasitoids and predators.
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