Comparison of Caffeine, Benzopyrene, and Hazardous Metals in Brewed Coffee Selling in Gwangju Metropolitan City
2021
Ryu, K.Y. | Gang, G.R. | Park, H.M. | Lee, J.R. | Choi, S.Y. | Jo, E.H. | Cho, B.S. | Kim, J.H.
In this study, we evaluated the content of caffeine, benzo[a]pyrene, lead, and cadmium in coffee drinks sold at coffee shops in Gwangju, Korea. A total of 114 coffee samples (100 Americano coffees and 14 cold-brew coffees) were purchased at each of 100 coffee shops including the large (12) and mid-sized (13) franchises and other types of local coffee shops (75). It was confirmed that the single-serving sizes of coffee drinks were 175 to 460 mL (Americano 220 to 460, cold-blew 175 to 400). The result of the analysis to content of caffeine in coffee drinks to be 0.25 to 1.49 mg/mL, which is higher than the 0.15 mg/mL standard for ‘high caffeine content beverages’, and based on the single-serving volume, some coffee drinks were found to exceed the recommended adult caffeine intake of 400 mg/day even if only two cups were consumed. The detection of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) was found to range from not detected (ND) to 55.35 ng/kg. However, there is currently no standard for B[a]P content in coffee drinks, but it was found to be lower than that of special-purpose foods (1.0 µg/kg or less), which has the lowest standard among other food types in the food code. As for heavy metals, lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) were confirmed from ND to 29.00 µg/kg and ND to 12.0 µg/kg, respectively, although most samples had no detectable levels. As a result of this study, caffeine content should be considered when ingesting coffee drinks. Moreover, labeling of caffeine content on coffee products is needed for the safety of consumers in the future.
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