Mogućnosti primene biouglja u sistemima održive poljoprivrede
2022
Prekop, Nenad | Šeremešić, Srđan | Ćirić, Vladimir | Vojnov, Bojan | Radovanović, Dragan
One of the most significant problems of the present in agricultural production is the reduction of the content of organic matter in the soil, as well as the acceleration of climate changes, supported by gases with the greenhouse effect, created in the processes of agriculture. For this reason, it was necessary to find a solution that would increase the content of organic matter in the soil and increase yields, while reducing the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. By studying and improving old technologies from the Amazon, a material was created that is not a fertilizer, but has a significant impact on soil properties, known as biochar. Biochar is produced in the processes of pyrolysis of organic matter at low oxygen concentrations, in which complex organic forms of carbon are bound into simpler ones, thereby reducing the release of CO2 into the atmosphere. Biochar as a component with high carbon content and high absorption capacity has a favourable effect on the physical and chemical properties of the soil such as pH, density, porosity, humidity and temperature, but also on the availability of micro and macro elements for plants, as well as on increasing the activity and presence microorganisms in the soil. In addition to the above characteristics, biochar can be used as a remediation material in soils contaminated with organic and inorganic pollutants and heavy metals. The properties of biochar are well studied in soils of tropical regions, but poorly studied in soils of temperate and cold climates, therefore it is necessary to carry out further research on these types of soils.
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