Screening for vitamin, mineral and antioxidants in selected vegetables, fruit and grains for elderly
2021
Rodhiah R. | Syahida M. | Mohd Fakhri H. | Zuwariah I. | Faridah H.
Undernutrition and micronutrient deficiency are common in the elderly. Thus, screening of natural food sources for product formulation is important to ensure proper nutrition in older people is being maximized. Selected vegetables, fruit, and grains namely red amaranth, green spinach, barley, corn, pineapple, and Anggun sweet potato were screened for vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. Red amaranth is a good source of vitamin C (375 mg/100 g), Vitamin A (3734 µg/100 g), vitamin B1 (9.01 mg/100 g), B2 (672.45 µg/100 g), B6 (10.7mg/100 g), B9 (76.35 mg/100 g) and zinc (12.2 mg/100 g). Corn and barley supply minerals such as zinc (2.65 mg/100 g, in corn) and selenium (50 µg/100 g in barley), while pineapple is rich in vitamin C (207.16 mg/100 g). Total phenolic content (TPC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay have been used to determine antioxidant activity in all samples. The highest radical scavenging activity (DPPH) was found in pineapple. Green spinach contained the highest amount of FRAP, and the highest TPC was found in germinated corn (germinate for 72 hrs). From this study, it can be concluded that the combination of vegetables, fruit, and grains during food product formulation could provide enough Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) for the elderly to maintain a healthy life.
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