Using Live Yeast and Inactive Yeast in Ruminant Nutrition
2023
Eski, H.T. | Gulsen, N.
The aim of this review is to investigate the effects of yeast use on rumen parameters, digestibility, performance increase, milk yield, composition and health parameters in ruminants. In ruminants fed with high grain diets, live yeasts and inactive yeasts are added to the rations to prevent ruminal acidosis and enhance the rumen microbial population. Live yeasts and yeast cultures contribute to the balancing of rumen pH by increasing lactate fermentation. They suppress the reproduction and development of feed-borne pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Camphylobacter, and they also provide faster development of the rumen of neonatal ruminants. In addition to its contribution to the balance of the microbiological population in the rumen, it also increases the degradability of NDF. Therefore, the growth performance of live yeast and yeast cultures, calf diarrhea, prevention of rumen acidosis are also used. Its effects on intestinal pathogens are attributed to mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) and beta-glucans, cell wall elements of yeasts. Many studies have been conducted to investigate the effects on milk yield and composition, and it has been revealed that in general, live yeasts do not affect milk yield and composition, whereas inactive yeast cultures increase milk yield but do not affect milk composition. It has been reported that live yeasts increase milk yield in sheep and goats. These positive effects of live yeast and yeast cultures are thought to be due to the improvement of the rumen microbiota and suppression of intestinal pathogens.
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