Species mixing reduces drought susceptibility of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and oak (Quercus robur L., Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) - Site water supply and fertility modify the mixing effect | Le mélange des espèces réduit la sensibilité à la sécheresse du pin sylvestre (Pinus sylvestris L.) et du chêne (Quercus robur L., Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) - L'approvisionnement en eau et la fertilité du site modifient l'effet de mélange
2020
Steckel, M. | del Río, Macarena | Heym, M. | Aldea, J. | Bielak, K. | Brazaitis, G. | Cerny, J. | Coll, L. | Collet, Catherine | Ehbrecht, M. | Jansons, A. | Nothdurft, A. | Pach, M. | Pardos, M. | Ponette, Quentin | Reventlow, D.O.J. | Sitko, R. | Svoboda, M. | Vallet, Patrick | Wolff, B. | Pretzsch, Hans | Technische Universität Munchen - Technical University Munich - Université Technique de Munich (TUM) | UNIVERSITY OF VALLADOLID AND INIA MADRID ESP ; Partenaires IRSTEA ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences = Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU) | SGGW WARSAW UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES POL ; Partenaires IRSTEA ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Vytautas Magnus University - Vytauto Didziojo Universitetas (VDU) | FORESTRY AND GAME MANAGEMENT RESEARCH INSTITUTE JILOVISTE CZE ; Partenaires IRSTEA ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Universitat de Lleida | SILVA (SILVA) ; AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Georg-August-University of Göttingen = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen | Latvian State Forest Research Institute “Silava” (LSFRI Silava) | Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU) | UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE KRAKOW POL ; Partenaires IRSTEA ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Centro de Investigacion Forestal (INIA-CIFOR) ; Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria = National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA) | Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL) | University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH) | Technical University in Zvolen (TUZVO) | Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (CZU) | Laboratoire des EcoSystèmes et des Sociétés en Montagne (UR LESSEM) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (Fédération OSUG)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) | Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) | Ecosystèmes forestiers (UR EFNO) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development (HNE) | European Union as part of the ERA-Net SUMFOREST project REFORM -Mixed species forest management ; German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) through the Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE) : 2816ERA02S; Research Council of Lithuania (LMTLT): S-SUMFOREST-17-1 ; Ecofor ; Allenvi ; French national research infrastructure ANAEE-F | FORESEE-SHS | ANR-16-SUMF-0003,REFORM,Mixed species forest management. Lowering risk, increasing resilience(2016) | European Project: 778322,H2020-MSCA-RISE-2017,H2020-MSCA-RISE-2017,CARE4C(2018)
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显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]英语. Tree species mixing has been widely promoted as a promising silvicultural tool for reducing drought stress. However, so far only a limited number of species combinations have been studied in detail, revealing inconsistent results. In this study, we analysed the effect of mixing Scots pine and oak (pedunculate oak and sessile oak) trees on their drought response along a comprehensive ecological gradient across Europe. The objective was to improve our knowledge of general drought response patterns of two fundamental European tree species in mixed versus monospecific stands. We focused on three null hypotheses: (HI) tree drought response does not differ between Scots pine and oak, (HII) tree drought response of Scots pine and oak is not affected by stand composition (mixture versus monoculture) and (HIII) tree drought response of Scots pine and oak in mixtures and monocultures is not modified by tree size or site conditions. To test the hypotheses, we analysed increment cores of Scots pine and oak, sampled in mixed and monospecific stands, covering a wide range of site conditions. We investigated resistance (the ability to maintain growth levels during drought), recovery (the ability to restore a level of growth after drought) and resilience (the capacity to recover to pre-drought growth levels), involving sitespecific drought events that occurred between 1976 and 2015. In monocultures, oak showed a higher resistance and resilience than Scots pine, while recovery was lower. Scots pine in mixed stands exhibited a higher resistance, but also a lower recovery compared with Scots pine in monocultures. Mixing increased the resistance and resilience of oak. Ecological factors such as tree size, site water supply and site fertility were found to have significant effects on the drought response. In the case of Scots pine, resistance was increased by tree size, while recovery was lowered. Resistance of oak increased with site water supply. The observed mixing effect on the tree drought response of Scots pine and oak was in some cases modified by the site conditions studied. Positive mixing effects in terms of resistance and resilience of oak increased with site water supply, while the opposite was found regarding recovery. In contrast, site fertility lessened the positive mixing effect on the resistance of Scots pine. We hypothesise that the observed positive mixing effects under drought mainly result from waterand/or light-related species interactions that improve resource availability and uptake according to temporal and spatial variations in environmental conditions.
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