The gut microbiota drives the impact of bile acids and fat source in diet on mouse metabolism
2018
Just, Sarah | Mondot, Stanislas | Ecker, Josef | Wegner, Katrin | Rath, Eva | Gau, Laura | Streidl, Theresa | Hery Arnaud, Genevieve | Schmidt, Sinah | Lesker, Till Robin | Bieth, Valentin | Dunkel, Andreas | Strowig, Till | Hofmann, Thomas | Haller, Dirk | Liebisch, Gerhard | Gérard, Philippe | Rohn, Sascha | Lepage, Patricia | Clavel, Thomas | ZIEL–Institute for Food and Health ; Technische Universität Munchen - Technical University Munich - Université Technique de Munich (TUM) | MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Université Paris-Saclay | Nutritional Physiology ; Technische Universität Munchen - Technical University Munich - Université Technique de Munich (TUM) | Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science ; Universität Hamburg = University of Hamburg (UHH) | Nutrition and Immunology ; Technische Universität Munchen - Technical University Munich - Université Technique de Munich (TUM) | Institute of Medical Microbiology, Functional Microbiome Research Group ; Universitätsklinikum RWTH Aachen - University Hospital Aachen [Aachen, Germany] (UKA) ; RWTH Aachen University = Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen (RWTH Aachen)-RWTH Aachen University = Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen (RWTH Aachen) | Food Chemistry and Molecular and Sensory Science ; Technische Universität Munchen - Technical University Munich - Université Technique de Munich (TUM) | Research Group Microbial Immune Regulation ; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) | Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine ; University Hospital Jena | ANR CoriFunc ; German Research Foundation (joint DFG/ANR initiative) [CL481/1-1, RO3477/9-1] ; French National Research Agency [ANR-13-ISV3-0008-04] | ANR-13-ISV3-0008,CorioFunc,Fonctions et adaptation métabolique des Coriobacteriaceae, une famille microbienne dominante de l'intestin, dans le contexte du métabolisme des lipides(2013)
Background: As the gut microbiota contributes to metabolic health, it is important to determine specific diet-microbiota interactions that influence host metabolism. Bile acids and dietary fat source can alter phenotypes of diet-induced obesity, but the interplay with intestinal microorganisms is unclear. Here, we investigated metabolic consequences of diets enriched in primary bile acids with or without addition of lard or palm oil, and studied gut microbiota structure and functions in mice. Results: In combination with bile acids, dietary lard fed to male C57BL/6N mice for a period of 8 weeks enhanced fat mass accumulation in colonized, but not in germ-free mice when compared to palm oil. This was associated with impaired glucose tolerance, lower fasting insulin levels, lower counts of enteroendocrine cells, fatty liver, and elevated amounts of hepatic triglycerides, cholesteryl esters, and monounsaturated fatty acids. Lard- and bile acid-fed mice were characterized by shifts in dominant gut bacterial communities, including decreased relative abundances of Lachnospiraceae and increased occurrence of Desulfovibrionaceae and the species Clostridium lactatifermentans and Flintibacter butyricus. Metatranscriptomic analysis revealed shifts in microbial functions, including lipid and amino acid metabolism. Conclusions:Caution is required when interpreting data from diet-induced obesity models due to varying effects of dietary fat source. Detrimental metabolic consequences of a diet enriched with lard and primary bile acids were dependent on microbial colonization of the host and were linked to hepatic lipid rearrangements and to alterations of dominant bacterial communities in the cecum.
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