Genetics diversity on heat tolerance ability of Myanmar leaf mustard (Brassica juncea L.) genetic resources
2023
Ha, C.T.T. | Kenji, I.
By the end of 2022, the world population is estimated 8 billions, and approximately to reach 9 billions in 2037 (UN, 2022). As the population growth, the primary concern is food security. Endure global warming, heat stress directly reduce plant yield, then at the same time affect food source. Each temperature rise corresponds a global cut of rice, wheat, maize and soybean to 3.2%, 6.0%, 7.4%, and 3.1%, respectively (Zhao, 2017). Therefore, to ensure food security, it is Vital to develop plant heat tolerance. Since 2014, the project 'Plant Genetic Resources in Asia' has collected notable collection of Brassicaceae family across Myanmar (Wakui et al, 2016; Yoshida, et al., 2017, 2018). One of their species Is Brassico juncea. L which is noticable for allyl isothiocianate (AlCT) content (respond for the pungency taste and smells), bring a promising cancer reduction and prevention ability. More importantly, within the huge collection, there are summer type mustard leave which is promising for heat tolerance, will be focus in this study. Heat resistance is evaluated in two different sowing times in summer is June sowing (JS) and September sowing (SS) to compare their growth, development, flowering characteristics, cell membrane thermostability (CMT) and also the pungency (AICT). Among accessions, the growth ability does not differ much, but fertility and development duration is significant different. In JS, most of accessions are difficult to fertile, but in SS all accessions can bear fruit. In JS it takes 3 months for plant to bolt, but in SS it take longer, around 5 to 6 months due to the vernalization. Heat resistance ability (CMT) is proportional to the growth ability, however, which have elite heat resistance (low CMT), show no and low AICT content.
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