Cellulose coating and chelation of antibacterial compounds for the protection of flax yarns against natural soil degradation
2017
Renouard, Sullivan | Hano, Christophe | Ouagne, Pierre | Doussot, Joel | Blondeau, Jean-Philippe | Laine, Eric | Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO) | Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Laboratoire pluridisciplinaire de recherche en ingénierie des systèmes, mécanique et énergétique (PRISME) ; Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Centre Val de Loire (INSA CVL) ; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) | Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [Cnam] (Cnam) | Conditions Extrêmes et Matériaux : Haute Température et Irradiation (CEMHTI) ; Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Natural cellulosic fibres such as flax fibres present interesting mechanical properties as well as biodegradability, and by-products, such as short flax fibres, could be used to produce geotextiles to stabilise soils. Today, geotextiles are often made of coir fibres, which have a high lignin percentage leading to their slow degradation in soil. Fibres with a high cellulosic content, such as those of flax, exhibit lower resistance to soil degradation. This study investigates solutions to improve this parameter with a view to increasing their service life and therefore their credibility compared to coir fibres for geotextile applications. For this purpose, a cellulose coating of yarns made of short flax fibres was performed and its stability under a water flow was assessed. The ability to form a cellulose sheath was estimated by chromaticity measurements of flax fibres after applying a dye specific to lignin. Infrared spectrometry analysis to monitor the level of protection against degradation by cellulolytic enzymes was also carried out. It appears that the cellulose coating provides an efficient physical protection, preventing access of these enzymes to their fibrous substrate. Then, the possibility of conferring antibacterial properties on the cellulose coating by chelating phytoalexin molecules such as gramine on it was assayed and proven to be effective against soil cellulolytic bacteria such as Cellvibrio fulvus and Cellvibrio vulgaris. This study therefore establishes that coating flax yarns with cellulose associated with antibacterial molecules could contribute to obtaining a longer service life in soil for geotextiles manufactured from flax fibres.
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