Importance of two component systems regulation in Streptomyces strains
2017
ANA GISELA REYES ALVARADO | HECTOR OCTAVIO GODINEZ ALVAREZ | ARMANDO MEJIA ALVAREZ
"Streptomyces strains experience a number of changes within the complex hyperosmotic ecological niche they inhabit. A two-component regulatory system allows them to control the cascade of signals required to acclimate to these changes. These kinds of systems consist of a sensor domain (histidine kinase) and an effector response-regulating domain. The regulation process uses phosphotransfer, dephosphorylation and self-phosphorylation. Coupled with the system are proteins that control the activity of the target protein, and transcription factors that allow the expression of genes in response to stress. This brief review provides an updated and summarized vision of some two-component systems known in Streptomyces and the advantages of understanding these systems for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Comprehending these adaptation mechanisms expands the potential uses of Streptomyces, as these systems are frequently linked to the production of new substances of interest in biotechnology, considering that these mechanisms regulate two major processes -- cellular differentiation and secondary metabolite production -- to respond to their complex environment."
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