How physical alteration of technic materials affects mobility and phytoavailabilty of metals in urban soils?
2016
El Khalil, Hicham | Schwartz, Christophe | El Hamiani, Ouafae | Sirguey, Catherine | Kubiniok, Jochen | Boularbah, Ali | Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire Aliments, Environnement et Santé ; Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA) | Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL) | Physische Geographie und Umweltforschung ; Universität des Saarlandes [Saarbrücken] = Saarland University [Saarbrücken]
One fundamental characteristic distinguishing urban soils from natural soils is the presence of technicmaterials or artefacts underlining the influence of human activity. These technic materials have differentnature (organic or inorganic) and origins. They contribute to the enrichment of the soil solution bymetallic trace elements. The present study aims to determine the effect of physical alteration of thetechnic coarse fraction on the bioavailability of metallic trace elements in urban Technosols. In general,results show that physical alteration increases the metallic trace elements water extractible concentrationsof technic materials. The ability of lettuce to accumulate metallic trace elements, even at lowconcentrations, underlines the capacity of technic materials to contaminate the anthropised soil solutionby bioavailable metals. The highest metal levels, accumulated by the various organs of the lettuce (leavesand roots), were measured in plants grown in presence of metallic particles mixtures. This indicates thatthe majority of metallic trace elements released by this technic constituent is bioavailable and explainsthe low plant biomass obtained. The abundant part of metallic trace elements released by the othertechnic constituents (building materials, bones, wood, plastic and fabric-paper) remains less bioavailable.Under anthropised soil conditions, technic materials have a significant effect on the metallic trace elementsbehavior. They impact the flow of these metallic elements in Technosols, which can increase theirbioavailability and, therefore, the contamination of the food chain
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