Soil ingestion, a key determinant of exposure to environmental contaminants. The case study of chlordecone exposure in free-range pigs in the French West Indies.
2023
Collas, Claire | Gourdine, Jean-Luc | Beramice, David | Badot, Pierre-Marie | Feidt, Cyril | Jurjanz, Stefan | Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA) ; Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Agroécologie, génétique et systèmes d’élevage tropicaux (ASSET) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Plateforme Tropicale d'Expérimentation sur l'Animal (PTEA) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC) ; Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC) | ANR-16-CE21-0008,INSSICCA,Stratégies innovantes pour sécuriser les systèmes d'élevage dans les zones contaminées par la chlordécone. Une approche modèle développée dans les Antilles et applicable dans les zones contaminées à l'échelle mondiale(2016)
International audience
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]英语. Ingested soil may expose free-range animals to environmental pollutants. In pigs, soil ingestion is few described whereas their burrowing behaviour suggests that it could be high. Although highly productive pigs are generally reared indoor, free-range farming is increasing in view of ethical considerations for animal welfare and is a common practice for subsistence agriculture systems. The experiment lasted 8 weeks (2 for adaptation, 6 for measurements) with 24 growing pigs of Guadeloupean Creole (CR) or Large White (LW) breeds. Pigs were assigned to 3 outdoor treatments: high pasture HP (> 60 days of regrowth), low pasture LP (35 days of regrowth), and sweet potato SP (sweet potato field). Titanium (soil marker) and chromium (faecal output marker) contents of faeces, vegetation and soil samples were used to estimate individual daily soil ingestions. The average, 10th and 90th percentiles were 440, 200 and 726 g of dry soil per 100 kg body weight, respectively, without significant differences between the 3 outdoor treatments or the 2 breeds but with a significant period (i.e. week of measurements) x treatment interaction (P < 0.001). In the French West Indies, animals may be exposed to chlordecone (CLD), a very persistent organochlorine insecticide. Simulations of CLD tissue contamination due to ingestion of contaminated soil were carried out and compared to the maximum residue limit. These results show that grazing management needs to be adapted to effectively limit soil ingestion by pigs and the impact of a contaminated environment on the sustainability of pig systems.
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