Absence of Gradients and Nernstian Equilibrium Stripping (AGNES): An Electroanalytical Technique for Chemical Speciation: A Tutorial Review
2022
Galceran i Nogués, Josep | Puy Llorens, Jaume | Companys Ferran, Encarnació | López Solis, Carmen Lucia
Free metal ion concentrations of amalgamating elements such as Zn, Cd, In, or Pb can be determined with absence of gradients and Nernstian equilibrium stripping(AGNES) in a variety of matrices, ranging from seawater to wine or dissolving nanoparticles. In this hands-on paper, we review the fundamental concepts and provide the practical steps to implement AGNES, including ready-to-run files for the software controlling the potentiostat, computation spreadsheets, step-bystep laboratory protocols, etc. Two case studies with a free Zn concentration determination are discussed: (i) a synthetic solution with the ligand oxalate and (ii) a natural sample of the Segre river (Catalonia, Spain). Suggestions for the extension of AGNES to other systems are indicated.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]This research received funding from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (projects PID2019-107033GB-C21 and PID2020-117910GB-C21) and from the European Union’s H2020 research and innovation programme under Marie Sklodowska- Curie grant agreement No 801586.
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