Calidad molinera, contenido de amilosa y proteína en cuatro líneas promisorias de arroz (Oryza sp.) en siembra por trasplante (3-4 plantas por sitio) en Daule – provincia del Guayas

In this study, milling quality, amylose and protein content (%) were studied in four promising lines of rice (Oryza sp. ) named: JxP 7, JxP 17, JxP 37, JxP 38 and the commercial variety SFL-11 (control), in samples that came from transplant sowing lots (3-4 plants per site), from the Daule canton, province of Guayas. For the analysis of the variables, a Completely Random Design (DCA) was applied with five cultivars (4 lines and the control) and three repetitions per treatment. Analysis of variance, the Tukey test 5%, principal component analysis, cluster analysis (Euclidean Distance), Pearson correlations analysis and relative variability (%) were applied. The study describes milling processes where the following variables were analyzed: Husk (%), dust (%), classified rice (%) or whole grains, rice (%) or broken grains, white belly (%), amylose content (%) and protein content (%). Regarding the results, it was determined that the line 17 and the commercial variety SFL-11 presented superior yields of whole grain rice. Line 17 presented the highest percentage of whole grain. With respect to the variables broken grain and dust, the promising lines 7, 17, 38 and the SFL-11 (control) obtained the lowest percentage. Regarding the protein content, the commercial variety SFL-11 obtained the best percentage (%). Promising lines 7, 17, 37 and 38 presented the best results in amylose content. The cluster analysis grouped the varieties with similarity in characteristics, placing the commercial variety SFL-11 in Class I, and promising lines 7, 17, 37 and 38 in Class II.

In this study, milling quality, amylose and protein content (%) were studied in four promising lines of rice (Oryza sp. ) named: JxP 7, JxP 17, JxP 37, JxP 38 and the commercial variety SFL-11 (control), in samples that came from transplant sowing lots (3-4 plants per site), from the Daule canton, province of Guayas. For the analysis of the variables, a Completely Random Design (DCA) was applied with five cultivars (4 lines and the control) and three repetitions per treatment. Analysis of variance, the Tukey test 5%, principal component analysis, cluster analysis (Euclidean Distance), Pearson correlations analysis and relative variability (%) were applied. The study describes milling processes where the following variables were analyzed: Husk (%), dust (%), classified rice (%) or whole grains, rice (%) or broken grains, white belly (%), amylose content (%) and protein content (%). Regarding the results, it was determined that the line 17 and the commercial variety SFL-11 presented superior yields of whole grain rice. Line 17 presented the highest percentage of whole grain. With respect to the variables broken grain and dust, the promising lines 7, 17, 38 and the SFL-11 (control) obtained the lowest percentage. Regarding the protein content, the commercial variety SFL-11 obtained the best percentage (%). Promising lines 7, 17, 37 and 38 presented the best results in amylose content. The cluster analysis grouped the varieties with similarity in characteristics, placing the commercial variety SFL-11 in Class I, and promising lines 7, 17, 37 and 38 in Class II.

En este estudio se estudió la calidad molinera, contenido de amilosa y proteína en cuatro líneas promisorias de arroz (Oryza sp.) denominadas: PxJ 7, PxJ 17, PxJ 37, PxJ 38 y la variedad comercial SFL-11 (testigo), en muestras que provinieron de lotes de siembra por trasplante (3-4 plantas por sitio), del cantón Daule, provincia del Guayas. Para el análisis de las variables se aplicó un Diseño Completamente al Azar (DCA) con cinco cultivares (4 líneas y el testigo) y tres repeticiones por tratamiento, se realizaron los análisis de varianza, el test de Tukey 5%, análisis de componentes principales, análisis de conglomerados (Distancia Euclídea), análisis de correlaciones de Pearson y variabilidad relativa (%). En estudio se describen procesos de molinería donde se analizaron las siguientes variables: Cáscara (%), polvillo (%), arroz clasificado (%) o granos enteros, arrocillo (%) o granos quebrados, panza blanca (%), contenido de amilosa (%) y contenido de proteína (%). En cuanto a los resultados, se determinó que la línea 17 y la variedad comercial SFL-11 presentaron rendimientos superiores de arroz grano entero. La línea 17 presentó del mayor porcentaje de grano integral. Con respecto a las variables grano partido y polvillo las líneas promisorias 7, 17, 38 y la variedad comercial obtuvieron el menor porcentaje. Con relación al contenido de proteínas la variedad comercial SDL-11 obtuvo el mejor porcentaje (%). Las líneas promisorias 7, 17, 37 y 38, presentaron los mejores resultados en contenido de amilosa. El análisis de Clúster agrupó las variedades con similitud en las características, ubicándose la variedad comercial SFL-11 en la Clase I, y a las líneas promisorias 7, 17, 37 y 38 en la clase II.