Next‐generation biological control: the need for integrating genetics and genomics
2020
Leung, Kelley | Ras, Erica | Ferguson, Kim | Ariëns, Simone | Babendreier, Dirk | Bijma, Piter | Bourtzis, Kostas | Brodeur, Jacques | Bruins, Margreet | Centurión, Alejandra | Chattington, Sophie | Chinchilla‐ramírez, Milena | Dicke, Marcel | Fatouros, Nina | González‐cabrera, Joel | Groot, Thomas | Haye, Tim | Knapp, Markus | Koskinioti, Panagiota | Le Hesran, Sophie | Lyrakis, Manolis | Paspati, Angeliki | Pérez‐hedo, Meritxell | Plouvier, Wouter | Schlötterer, Christian | Stahl, Judith | Thiel, Andra | Urbaneja, Alberto | Zande, Louis | Verhulst, Eveline | Vet, Louise | Visser, Sander | Werren, John | Xia, Shuwen | Zwaan, Bas | Magalhães, Sara | Beukeboom, Leo | Pannebakker, Bart | University of Groningen [Groningen] | Vienna International Centre ; International Atomic Energy Agency [Vienna] (IAEA) | Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR) | Universität Bremen [Deutschland] = University of Bremen [Germany] = Université de Brême [Allemagne] | CABI Europe Switzerland | Université de Montréal (UdeM) | Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias - Institut Valencià d'Investigacions Agraries - Valencian Institute for agricultural Research (IVIA) | Universitat de València = University of Valencia (UV) | Koppert Biological Systems | Vetmeduni Vienna | Vienna Graduate School of Finance (VGSF) | Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA) ; Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UniCA) | Institut für Populationsgenetik [Vienna] ; Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien | University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley) ; University of California (UC) | Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS) ; Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS) | South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses [University of South Bohemia] (CENAKVA) ; Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters [University of South Bohemia] ; University of South Bohemia [České Budějovice, Czechia]-University of South Bohemia [České Budějovice, Czechia] | University of Rochester [USA] | Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon = Université de Lisbonne (ULISBOA) | Department of Mathematics (University of Groningen) ; University of Groningen [Groningen] | European Project: 641456,H2020-MSCA-ITN-2014,H2020-MSCA-ITN-2014,BINGO(2015)
International audience
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]英语. Biological control is widely successful at controlling pests, but effective biocontrol agents are now more difficult to import from countries of origin due to more restrictive international trade laws (the Nagoya Protocol). Coupled with increasing demand, the efficacy of existing and new biocontrol agents needs to be improved with genetic and genomic approaches. Although they have been underutilised in the past, application of genetic and genomic techniques is becoming more feasible from both technological and economic perspectives. We review current methods and provide a framework for using them. First, it is necessary to identify which biocontrol trait to select and in what direction. Next, the genes or markers linked to these traits need be determined, including how to implement this information into a selective breeding program. Choosing a trait can be assisted by modelling to account for the proper agro-ecological context, and by knowing which traits have sufficiently high heritability values. We provide guidelines for designing genomic strategies in biocontrol programs, which depend on the organism, budget, and desired objective. Genomic approaches start with genome sequencing and assembly. We provide a guide for deciding the most successful sequencing strategy for biocontrol agents. Gene discovery involves quantitative trait loci analyses, transcriptomic and proteomic studies, and gene editing. Improving biocontrol practices includes marker-assisted selection, genomic selection and microbiome manipulation of biocontrol agents, and monitoring for genetic variation during rearing and post-release. We conclude by identifying the most promising applications of genetic and genomic methods to improve biological control efficacy.
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