Retrospective Characterization of Initial Peste des petits ruminants Outbreaks (2008–2012) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
2021
Mulumba-Mfumu, Leopold, K | Mahapatra, Mana | Diallo, Adama | Clarke, Brian | Twabela, Augustin | Matondo-Lusala, Jean Pierre | Njeumi, Felix | Parida, Satya | University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN) | The Pirbright Institute ; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) | Laboratoire National d'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires [Dakar] (LNERV) ; Institut sénégalais de recherches agricoles [Dakar] (ISRA) | Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad) | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [Rome, Italie] (FAO) | This study was primarily funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research and the Animal Health and Welfare Network from the European Commission through the project “Improved Understanding of the Epidemiology of Peste-des-Petits Ruminants”, led by The Pirbright Institute (BB/L013657/1) and subcontracting to Dr Leopold K Mulumba-Mfumu, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Satya Parida (S.P.) is funded by BBSRC (grant codes: BB/T004096, BBS/E/I/00007036 and BBS/E/I/00007037).
International audience
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]英语. Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute, contagious viral disease of small ruminants, goats and sheep. The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) was a PPR-free country until 2007, although in 2006, scare alerts were received from the east and the southwest of the country, reporting repeated mortalities, specifically in goats. In 2008, PPR outbreaks were seen in several villages in the west, leading to structured veterinary field operations. Blood, swabs and pathological specimens consisting of tissues from lungs, spleens, lymph nodes, kidneys, livers and hearts were ethically collected from clinically infected and/or dead animals, as appropriate, in 35 districts. Epidemiological information relating to major risk factors and socio-economic impact was progressively collected, revealing the deaths of 744,527 goats, which converted to a trade value of USD 35,674,600. Samples from infected and dead animals were routinely analyzed by the Central Veterinary Laboratory at Kinshasa for diagnosis, and after official declaration of PPR outbreaks by the FAO in July 2012, selected tissue samples were sent to The Pirbright Institute, United Kingdom, for genotyping. As a result of surveys undertaken between 2008 and 2012, PPR virus (PPRV)-specific antibodies were detected in 25 locations out of 33 tested (75.7%); PPRV nucleic acid was detected in 25 locations out of 35 (71.4%); and a typical clinical picture of PPR was observed in 23 locations out of 35 (65.7%). Analysis of the partial and full genome sequences of PPR viruses (PPRVs) obtained from lymphoid tissues of dead goats collected in Tshela in the DRC in 2012 confirmed the circulation of lineage IV PPRV, showing the highest homology (99.6−100%) with the viruses circulating in the neighboring countries of Gabon, in the Aboumi outbreak in 2011, and Nigeria (99.3% homology) in 2013, although recent outbreaks in 2016 and 2018 in the western part of the DRC that borders with East Africa demonstrated circulation of lineage II and lineage III PPRV.
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